If you don’t know the parents of an individual, indicate common descent between brothers and sisters by drawing a bar above the symbols. Use a dotted line to indicate adoptive descent. Use a solid line, straight down from the marriage or cohabitation symbol, to indicate biological descent. If the individual has been married more than twice, draw lines connecting the spouses below the symbols. If the individual has been married twice, use equal signs on both sides of the symbol, with the first spouse on the left. Use a not equal sign (≠) if a marriage ended in divorce. Use a similar sign ( ̴) to symbolize parents who are neither cohabiting or married. Use an approximately equal sign (≈) to indicate a cohabiting couple who are not married. Use an equal sign between two individuals to indicate a marriage. Place a line through the appropriate symbol if the individual is deceased. Use a square for someone who identifies as neither sex or both sexes. Don’t get this confused with family tree symbols, which look similar but hold different meanings than kinship diagram symbols. All kinship charts use the same basic symbols, shown below, to represent individuals and social organizations. Kinship diagram symbolsīefore you get started, you’ll need to know the language of kinship diagrams. You can use a kinship diagram to visualize your lineage, similar to a family tree chart or a pedigree chart however, kinship charts are more commonly used by anthropologists to quickly map relationships as they interview people and to present a culture’s kinship pattern without showing specific names. Kinship diagrams, also called kinship charts, illustrate relationships.
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